C[onstantine] P. Cavafy (Greece)
1863-1933
Constantine P. Cavafy (Kavafis), born in Alexandria, Egypt in 1863, was the last of nine children of a family originally from Constantinople. The father had left that city as a young man to join his elder brother in England, where the two were involved with Greek manufacturing companies. In 1850, the father became a British citizen. But before Constantine’s birth, the family moved to Alexandria, where the father died in 1970. The mother returned with her children to England, and the elder brothers ran the company business in Liverpool and London. The company failed in 1879, and the family returned to Alexandria.
The years in England, however, were important ones with regard to Constantine’s writing. In England he became well versed in the language and literature, and developed the English mannerisms and (so it is said) the accent that was to remain with him throughout his life. His friend E. M. Forster helped to introduce Cavafy's poetry to the English language speaking audiences.
In Alexandria he enrolled in the Hermis Lyceum, a commercial school, and while at school, began an historical dictionary, which was interrupted by the family’s move to Constantinople. In these years of poverty, Constantine began writing poetry and had his first homosexual affair. For a while he gave some thought to a career in politics or journalism. Upon his return to Alexandria in 1885, he began working for the stock exchange and devoted his writing talents to articles demanding the British return the Elgin Marbles. The University of Michigan Press published Cavafy's Selected Prose Works in 2010.
Cavafy's poems focus on a wide range of subjects but have often been separated into poems covering historical, philosophical, and homoerotic themes. Cavafy was one of the first major 20th century poets with whom audiences explored homosexual subject matter.
At 29 years old, Cavafy began as a special clerk in the Irrigation Service, an appointment he was to last for 30 years. He retired in 1922 with the rank of Assistant Director. He remained in Alexandria, dying of cancer in 1933
BOOKS OF POETRY
Piimata (1935); Apanta, I: 1896-1918 (1963); Peza (1963); Ankedhota piimata 1882-1923(Athēnai: Ekdotikos Oikos G. Phexē, 1963)
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TRANSLATIONS
Poems of C. P. Cavafy, trans. By John Mavrogordato (London: Hogarth Press, 1951); The Complete Poems of C. P. Cavafy, trans. By Rae Dalven (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1961/London: Chatto & Windus, 1968); Fourteen Poems, trans. By Nikos Stangos and Stephen Spender (London: Editions Alector, 1966); Four Greek Poems: C. P. Cavafy, George Seferis, Odysseus Elytis, Nikos Gatsos, trans. By Edmund Keeley and Philip Sherrard (Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1966); Passions and Ancient Days: New Poems, trans. By Edmund Keeley and George Savidis (New York: Dial Press, 1971); Poems, trans by John Mavrogoradao (London: Chatto and Windus, 1971); Selected Poems (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1972); Three Poems of Passion, trans. By Edmund Keeley and George Savidis (Verona, Italy: Plain Wrapper Press, 1975); Collected Poems, trans. By Edmund Keeley (London: Hogarth Press, 1975); Three Poems, trans. By James Merrill (West Chester, Pennsylvania: Aralia Press, 1987); Collected Poems, trans. By Edmund Keeley (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1992); The Greek Poems of C. P. Cavafy, trans. By Memas Kolaitis (New Rochelle, New York: A. D. Caratzas, 1989); The Essential Cavafy, trans. By Edmund Keeley and Philip Sherrard (Hopewell, New Jersey: Ecco Press, 1995); Before Time Could Change Them: The Complete Poems, trans. By Theoharis C. Theoharis (New York: Harcourt, 2001); Poems by C. P. Cavafy, translated by J.C. Cavafy (Athens: Ikaros, 2003); I've Gazed So Much, translated by George Economou (London: Stop Press, 2003); C. P. Cavafy, The Canon, translated by Stratis Haviaras, foreword by Seamus Heaney (Athens: Hermes Publishing, 2004) The Collected Poems, translated by Evangelos Sachperoglou, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007); The Collected Poems of C. P. Cavafy: A New Translation, translated by Aliki Barnstone (New York: W.W. Norton, 2007); C. P. Cavafy, Selected Poems, translated with an introduction by Avi Sharon (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 2008); Cavafy: 166 Poems, translated by Alan L Boegehold (Axios Press, 2008); C. P. Cavafy, Collected Poems, translated by Daniel Mendelsohn (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2009)
C. P. Cavafy, Poems: The Canon, translated by John Chioles, (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Early Modern and Modern Greek Library, 2011); C.P. Cavafy, Selected Poems, translated by David Connolly (Athens: Aiora Press, 2013); Clearing the Ground: C.P. Cavafy, Poetry and Prose, 1902-1911, translations and an essay by Martin McKinsey (Chapel Hill, North Carolina: Laertes, 2015)
For a selection of his poems, go here:
https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/c-p-cavafy